Font Style

Times New Roman. Note that only regular and italic font styles (where required, e.g. book titles etc) should be used throughout the article.

Font Size
Essay title: font size 18 and centred, followed by author’s name and institutional affiliation in font size 12 (name of institution should be placed in brackets). 
Text (including subheadings): font size 12.

Line-spacing
Body Text: 1.5 lines.
Long quotations: single lines and indented by 1cm from the left margin. 

Referencing
The general style adopted by Perfformio is based on the MHRA Style Guide. The Style Guide can be viewed or downloaded by clicking on MHRA Style Guide. However, authors should note our in-text citation and referencing formats are based on the author-date system, and we require that full details of references are given in a separate bibliography at the end of the article in alphabetical order according to authors’ surname. 

In-text citations
Generally, references in the text should be given in parentheses indicating the author’s surname, date of publication, and where relevant, the page reference, for example (Okagbue 2007: 33). Where the name of the author is already given in the text, it should not be repeated in the reference, and the reference should come immediately after the quotation marks: e.g. Okagbue illustrates how the ‘situational comedies’ (2007: 166) of the Koteba are used to explore a range of social issues by relying on stereotypes in a manner that is reminiscent of pantomimes.

Bibliographical references
All bibliographical references should be placed at the end of the article in alphabetical order according to author(s) or editor(s) surname, and followed by date of publication. It is recommended that bibliographical references adopt the following examples:

Books
Asante, Kariamu Welsh, ed. 1996. African Dance: An Artistic, Philosophical Inquiry, Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press.

Banham, Martin, Hill Errol, and George Woodyard, eds. 1994. The Cambridge Guide to African and Caribbean Theatre, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gilbert, Helen, ed. 1999. (Post)Colonial Stage: Critical and Creative Views on Drama, Theatre and Performance, Hebden Bridge, Sussex: Dangaroo. 

Okagbue, Osita. 2007. African Theatres and Performances, Oxon: Routledge.

A chapter in an edited book 
Begho, Felix, 1996. ‘Traditional African Dance in Context’, in African Dance: An Artistic, Historical, and Philosophical Inquiry, ed. Karimu Welsh Asante, Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, pp. 163-182.

Carter, Alexandra, ed., 1998. ‘Studying Dance: Conceptual Concerns’, in The Routledge Dance Studies Reader, London: Routledge, pp. 119-123.

Taylor, Diana, 1991. 'Transculturing Transculturation', in Interculturalism and Performance: Writings from PAJ, eds. Bonnie Marranca and Gautam Dasgupta, New York: PAJ Publications, pp. 60-74.

Articles in a journal
Bharucha, Rustom, 1984a. ‘A Collision of Cultures: Some Western Interpretations of the Indian Theatre’, Asian Theatre Journal, 1(1), pp. 1-20.

Bharucha, Rustom, 1984b. ‘A Reply to Richard Schechner’, Asian Theatre Journal, 1(2), pp. 254-260.

Gupta, Dhruba, Amanda Lal and Philip Lutgendorf, 1993. ‘Inside-Outsider, Outside-Insider’, TDR (1988 - ), 37(4), pp.12-16.